Pyramid of Cheops, the Great Pyramid of Giza - the largest of the Egyptian pyramids, a monument of the architectural art of Ancient Egypt; the first and only of the "Seven Wonders of the World" that has survived to this day, and the oldest of them: its age is estimated at about 4500 years.

Located on the Giza plateau in the vicinity of the Egyptian capital and the Nile Delta, on its left bank; the northernmost of the three large pyramids of the plateau, bearing the names of the three pharaohs of the Old Kingdom from the fourth dynasty, the alleged customers of the construction - Cheops (Khufu), Khafre (Khafra) and Mykerin (Menkaura). Three pyramids - with sides precisely oriented to the four cardinal points - were built in the vicinity of the cities of Memphis (the capital of the Old Kingdom) and Heliopolis millennia before the founding of Cairo.

This is a single-tier pyramid with smooth sides and a square base, the lining of which was removed under Sultan Barquq in 1395, and the top represents a platform 10 m long and wide. The pyramid is oriented not to the North Star, but to the Alpha Dragon, which was the guiding star of the northern direction 5000 years ago. The corridor leading to the north makes an angle of 30° with the horizon and runs almost parallel to the earth's axis. For more than three millennia (before the construction of the cathedral in Lincoln, England, c. 1300), the pyramid was the tallest building on Earth. Since 1979, like many other pyramids of the complex "Memphis and its necropolis - the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe pyramids from Giza to Dahshur" has been part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.