The Hanging Gardens of Babylon is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, which was an engineering structure in Babylon with a cascade of multi-level gardens, where numerous species of trees, shrubs and vines grew, giving the impression of a large green mountain. The only one of the Seven Wonders, the location of which has not been finally established and, moreover, the very fact of its existence is being questioned, since no Babylonian texts that mention these gardens have survived, descriptions of the gardens are available only from late ancient Greek and Roman authors, and archaeological excavations in the area of ​​the proposed location of the gardens also did not yield results.

The Greek name for the structure, Κρεμαστοί κῆποι τῆς Βαβυλῶνος, comes from the word κρεμαστός (literally, "overhanging"), which has a broader meaning than the modern word "hanging", and refers to trees planted on an elevated place, such as a terrace.

According to one of the legends, the Hanging Gardens were built by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II (reigned 605-562 BC) for his wife, the Median princess Amitis. Another legend attributes the construction of the gardens to the legendary Queen Semiramis, who allegedly ruled Babylon in the 9th century BC. e., more than two centuries before Nebuchadnezzar. The second legend became more widespread, and the corresponding name was fixed in literature, including Russian.