The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, or Artemision (ancient Greek Ἀρτεμίσιον; tour. Artemis Tapınağı), also known as the Temple of Diana, is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, a Greek temple dedicated to the local cult of the goddess Artemis (corresponds to the Roman goddess Diana). It was located in the Greek city of Ephesus on the coast of Asia Minor, at the present time - near the city of Selcuk in the south of the province of Izmir, Turkey.

The temple has gone through several life cycles. The earliest version of the temple (temenos) dates back to the Bronze Age. The Alexandrian scholar and poet Callimachus in his "Hymn to Artemis" attributed its construction to the Amazons. In the 7th century BC, this temple was destroyed by a flood. Then around 550 B.C. e. reconstruction began, and in fact - the construction of a new, much larger temple, which was led by the famous architect Khersifron together with his son Metagen. The construction of this temple lasted about two centuries and was completed around 380 BC. e. architects Demetrius and Paeonius. In 356 BC. e. the temple was burned by Herostratus, but after a while it was restored. The latest version of the temple, for the restoration of which Alexander the Great allocated funds, is described in the work of Antipater of Sidon "Seven Wonders of the World":
I saw the wall of exalted Babylon, along which the chariot road runs, and the statue of Zeus at Alpheus, and the hanging gardens, and the colossus of Rhodes, and the huge work of the high pyramids, and the vast tomb of Mausolus; but when I saw the house of Artemis, which rose to the clouds, these other marvels lost their brilliance, and I said, "Now, except for Olympus, the Sun never looked so magnificent."
—
In the 4th century A.D. e. the temple was closed in connection with the proclamation of Christianity as the state religion of the Roman Empire and destroyed. Currently, only fragments of the last temple have been preserved on this site.