history of the holiday
The first mentions of St. Nicholas were documented in the 6th century - it was then that Emperor Justinian built the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in Constantinople.

It is believed that the saint lived in 270-345 BC. According to legend, Nikolai was born into a rich and noble family, but lost his parents early. After their death, he received the inheritance and distributed it to the poor and needy.

There is a story about how one day Saint Nicholas decided to help a poor widower and his only daughter. The girl's lover was from a rich family, and the guy's parents were against marrying a dowry-free woman. One night, Nikolai quietly placed a bag of gold coins at the girl’s window and helped the lovers.

Then there were rumors around the city that an angel helped the future spouses. But Nicholas was unable to hide his good deeds - local residents tracked down the saint and elected him as their bishop. And in 325, Nicholas attended the First Ecumenical Council in Nicaea, where they approved the dogma of the Trinity: the trinity of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
Ukrainian traditions
The main tradition of the holiday - giving gifts on St. Nicholas Day - has survived to this day. From year to year, children expect surprises under their pillows on this day. And those who have been naughty all year receive rods or coal.

In ancient times, adults also looked forward to this holiday. On this day, people gathered at the festive table, brewed beer and had fun. Then they harnessed the best horses to the sleigh and rode around the village to see “how slippery the snow” was. In some regions of Ukraine, kutia and uzvar were cooked so that there would be a good harvest next year. In the Kiev region, owners sprinkled holy water and potions on their cattle. Saint Nicholas was asked to protect the household and the whole family from misfortune and disaster.

St. Nicholas Day was also important for girls. On this day, those who were preparing to walk down the aisle had to put things in order in their chests in advance, prepare clothes and jewelry in which they would greet the matchmakers.
Signs
It is believed that on St. Nicholas Day it is important to repay debts and keep promises. Also, on this holiday you should not swear, so as not to lose your happiness. Another tradition is to ask for forgiveness. On this day, people made peace with their neighbors and let go of all grievances.

Sunny weather on St. Nicholas Day foreshadows a warm May, and frost on the trees means a good harvest of bread.

There is a belief that if on this day a guest leaves a coin in a secluded place in your home, it will attract wealth and prosperity to your family.

It is believed that on St. Nicholas Day you cannot do anything for yourself, but only for those in need. If you do not take care of the poor or orphans on this day, then the person will suffer losses for seven years.