Traditionally, Christmas is preceded by a long forty-day fast that begins on November 15 and ends on December 24. The fast is called Pylypivsky because it begins after the day of St. Philip. During this period, believers refuse to eat certain foods to purify their bodies and souls. During this fast, it is forbidden to eat meat, dairy products, and eggs.
On the eve of Christmas, which is December 24 this year, the Ukrainian people sit down to a generous but lean meal. One of the main traditions of Christmas celebration is the Holy Evening. After cleaning up the house, Ukrainians prepare twelve festive dishes in honor of the twelve apostles.
Christmas celebrations begin when the first star appears in the sky, announcing the birth of Jesus Christ.
Traditionally, Ukrainian housewives prepare 12 meatless dishes in honor of the 12 apostles. One of the traditional dishes, kutia, is made of rice or wheat, supplemented with raisins, poppy seeds, nuts, and honey. Borsch, fish, mushrooms, dumplings with beans and cabbage, potatoes, and uzvar were obligatory.
At this time, the owner would go to water the cattle, give them fresh hay, and lay new straw. Then he shovels the snow away from the house, clears the paths, and carefully examines the entire farm. Nothing can be out of the house on this night, whether it is borrowed or forgotten somewhere.
According to Ukrainian tradition, it is customary to visit one's parents and godparents on this evening. In addition, people go carolling on Christmas Eve.
Christmas in Ukraine is a holiday filled with light, warmth, and traditions that people combine to fill their homes with peace and happiness.

Translated with DeepL.com (free version)